Burner



'Patented oct. 2s, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFicE JOHN VAN Enviar, orRUSHING, NEW Yonx, .assrGNoa 'ro TNTERNATIONAL com- BUSTION ENGINEERINGCORPORATION.

DELAWARE F NEWiYORK', N. Y., .A CORPORATION 01Bl BUBNB.

Application led November 23, 1927. Serial No. 235,154.

This invention relates to burners and more particularly to improvedburners for pulverized fuel burning furnaces.

One of the primary objects offmy inven- 'tion is the provision of aburner by means of which the fuel may be admitted and burned in flamesvarying from a flat mushroom-like ame to an elongated flame, so that theburnermay be adapted to avariety of operating conditions and also to avariety of physically dierent installations.

More specifically stated it isJ an ob]e ct of my invention to provide aburner `in whlch vthe above characteristicsY are obtained by anovel'combination of an adjustable fuel nozzle and ad'ustable airadmission means.

Other ob]ects reside in the provision of a burner mechanism havingmeansl adapted to be moved to rotect the burner Vparts from radiantheat, or example, when the furnace is being fired by other means, and aburner which may be advantageously employed for admitting air when thefurnace 1s eing red by other means.

Other: objects ing description considered in connection with theaccompanying drawings which illustrate a preferred embodiment of the1nvention.

Fig. -1- of the drawings is .substantially a i longitudinal sectionalview of a burner embodying my improvements.

v Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectionu taken on the line 2-2 of Flg. 1- andillustrates certain air vanes which I employ.

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic plan vlew of a furnace equipped with the burner.means of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary sectional v1ew taken substantially as indicated.by the line l-fl' of. Fig. 1, and

Fig. 5 is a detailed sectional view taken as indicated by the line 5-5of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, a portion of a furnace wall is indicatedbythe reference .letter A,'which wall is provided with an opening Sfor aburner, which burner is indicated as a whole by the reference letter B.

The burner B comprises, in fgleneral, a cylindrical chamber 4 having ael inlet 5; a

and advantages will A)occur to those skilled inthe art from the follow'movable member 6 constituting an extension of the chamber 4 and having abelled end 7; l

a movable member 8 arranged coaxially with the chamber 4 and member 6and having a coned'end 9 an air casing 10 arranged around the outlet endof the .burner parts referred to,

said casing having a damper controlled air 'inlet 11; and a plurality'of spaced movable louvres or vanes 12 so disposed with relation to thebelled end 7 of the member 6 as to constitute a cylindrical cage 18surrounding it.

In addition, the casing 10 may be provided with an inspection openingclosed by means of a coverlplate 10". The outer periphery of the belledend 7 is cylindrical as indicated at portion of the air slots providedby the spaced vanes. y

Before goin tages to be galned lthrough the practice of my invention,and before describing in detail 14, and serves as a means for blankingoff a intothe particular advanhow such may be accomplished, I will firsti air casing 10 through the cage 13, and in consequence thereof completeand thorough ad- Iixture of the fuel-and air results. The arrangement ofthe movable vanes or louvres 12, in order to produce the swirling motionreferred to, is clearly illustrated in Figure 2 ofthe drawing. YDepending upon such factorsas the physical construction anddimensions ofthe furnaces and upon operating conditions,.it is desirable to have aburner which may be adapted to burn the fuel with flames not onlydiffering 'in intensity, but also in shape. For example, tov obtain thebestresults, it might be 'desirable to have a mushroom-shape flame, or arelatively long and narrow iiame, or a ame of intermediate character. 4Iam enabled to the annular opening is of relatively small produce fiamesof such character from the same burnerin the following manner.

Assuming now that it is desired to lire with a flat or mushroom-likeflame, the defleeting cone 9 is moved into such relation with the bellportion 7 of the member 6 that size, as illustrated in full lines inFig. 1, and the air vanes 12 are moved toward their closed positions toa position in which the air passages therebetween are relatively small,as compared to their maximum size with the vanes in their Wide openpositions. Thus, a maximum amount of fuel discharges through the opening15 and the swirl of air, due to its veloc1ty,\retards the movement ofthe fuel into the furnace and produces a mushroomlike flame.

In order to accomplish such adjustment I have provided means for movingthe member 8 with its cone 9 longitudinal of its axis and means foropening and closing the vanes 12. The member 8 extends through the endof the fuel chamber 4 and is provided with a packed bearing 16 in thechamber 4 and a bearing 17 in the member 6. At its outer end the member8 is provided with a yoke member 18 rigidly secured thereto, whichmember has rotatably mounted therein a pair of internally threadedcollars 19. Each oi the collares 19 has keyed thereto a sprocket wheel20 and a chain 21 connects the sprockets. The collars 19 lhave threadedthereinto the threaded rods 22, which rods extend from and are securedto the lugs 22? of the movable member by means of the nuts 22b (see Fig.5). A hand wheel 23 is fixed to one of the sprocket wheels audit will beseen that when this wheel is rotated the collars 19 are rotated and actas nuts on the rods 22 and cause the yoke 18 and the member 8 to moveaxially in one direction or the other, according to the direction ofrotation of the hand wheel. Thus adjustment of the cone 9 with respectto the bell 7 may be accomplished.

The vanes 12 are pivotally mounted in the fixed rings 24 and 24'L andmay be swung. on their pivots by means of an oscillatable ring 25 whlchhas engagement with the vanes'by means of slots 26, pins 27 and arms 28(see Fi 4 Any suitablemeans may be provi ed or rotating the ring 25 as,for example, a readily accessible arm 29. Thus the amount of openingbetween the vanes may be adjusted by movement of the rin 25.

Assuming now that it is desired to fire with an elongated flame, thedeecting cone 9 is moved to the left, by rotating the hand wheel 23, tothe position indicated in dot and dash lines at 37 in Fi 1, and thevanes 12 are movedby means o the rin 25 to the position indicated in dotand dasi lines in Fig. 2. Thus the opening 15 is reduced-in size and thevane openings increased, in consequenceof which anelongatedameresultsfor reason that the velocity of the fuel stream is increased and that`of the air reduced. It will be understood that an'y number of diferentkinds of flames may be produced by adjusting the deiecting cone andvanes to positions intermediate those described.

It is to be noted that While I have shown the belled end 7 of the member6 ina position half way in the cylindrical-cage 13 so that the air slotsare blanked off for one half of their length, I am enabled to move themember 6 to the left by means of lever and link mechanism 30 Comprisingan operating lever 31, a lever 32, and a link 33 connected to the member6 by means of the lug 34. On operation of the lever mechanism 30 thecone 9 with its operating mechanism moves with the belled member 6.Movement of this lever mechanism admits more or less air as the case maybe, and alters the position of the fuel outlet in the burner opening 3.Thus the intensity of the flame may be controlled.

It is to be observed that the adjustment or movement of the cone 9is notlimited to the range above described, but that the cone may be movedinwardly toward the combustion chamber from the position shown in fulllines to the position shown in dot and dash lines at 35. This is veryadvantageous for the reason that with the cone in such position, theburner parts may be -protected from radiant heat, as, for example, whena burner of a series of burners, as illustrated in Fig. 3, is out ofuse, or when the burner is being used in a furnace fired with more thanone kind of fuel, in which case, under certain conditions, it might bedesirable to shut doyvn the burner" VB. The cone 9 is preferably linedwith refractory material as indicated at 36.

It is also pointed out that when the burner B is out of use, I may stillemploy it as a means for introducing combustion air into the combustionchamber to sup ort combustion of the fuel employed. Tliis, however, isnot always to be desired, and by my invention I am enabled to protect aburner not in use without admitting air which has heretofore been donein an attempt to keep such burner cool. In many instances this previouspractice has been objectionable from a combustion and efficiencystandpoint.

In connection with the adjustment of the annular discharge o ening 15 itis to be understood that the a justment may be accomplished by movingthe member 7 axially and that any particular adjustment of the openingmay be maintained throughout the entire ran e of travel of the member 6longitudinally t ereof.

' 1. A fuel burner including a fuel nozzle having an annular dischargeopening, and means for setting up a swirling current 'of air into whichthe fuel discharges, said discharge opening and said means beingadjustable to movable deiector cone associated with the belled dischargeend in such manner as to form an annular fuel discharge opening betweenthe two, means for moving the cone to 'adjust the size of the dischargeopening, a

source of air, a set of vanes around the said discharge end of thenozzle for admitting air from said source, and means for moving saidbelled discharge end together with the cone in its adjusted position ina direction to blank off a portion of the vanes.

3. A. pulverized fuel burner comprising, in combination, a fuel nozzlehaving an axially movable belled discharge end and an axially movabledeflector cone associated with the belled discharge end in such manneras to form an annular fuel discharge opening between the two, means formoving the cone to adjust the size of the discharge opening, a source ofair, a set of vanes around the said discharge end of the nozzle foradmitting air from said source, and means for moving said belleddischarge end together with the cone in its adjusted position in adirection to blank off a portion of the vanes, together with means foradjusting said vanes.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name.-

JOHN VAN BRUNT.

